Anne.S 2020. 11. 25. 01:02
 Imagine yourself at a party.
It is dark and a group of friends ask you to take a picture of them.
You grab your camera, point, and shoot your friends. 
The camera automatically turns on the flash as there is not enough light available to produce a correct exposure.
The result is half of your friends appear in the picture with two bright red circles instead of their eyes. 

This is a common problem called the red-eye effect.

It is caused because the light from the flash penetrates the eyes through the pupils, and then gets reflected to the camera from the back of the eyes where a large amount of blood is present. 
This blood is the reason why the eyes look red in the photograph.
This effect is more noticeable when there is not much light in the environment.
This is because pupils dilate when it is dark, allowing more light to get inside the eye and producing a larger red-eye effect.